The University Press Limited (UPL)

The book is an analytical presentation of the Indian national movement which culminated in 1947 with the independence and partition of British India. It describes how regional, racial, linguistic, communal and class contradictions developed among the Indian people and finally the communal contradiction became the decisive factor in Indian politics and national movement at the time of partition.

This volume intends to cast hitherto unfocused light on the emergent literary sensibilities shown by four Muslim women in pre-modern India. Gulbadan, Jahanara and Zeb-un-Nessa belonged to the Mughal zenana, which was an enigmatic liminal space of qualified autonomy and complex equations of gender politics.